The 4πβ–γ coincidence counting method and its close relatives are widely used for the
primary standardization of radioactivity. Both the general formalism and specific …

Widely implemented at national metrology institutes (NMIs), the coincidence method is a
technique to assay a wide variety of radionuclides which decay through two or more types of …

A Monte Carlo simulation code known as ESQUEMA has been developed by the Nuclear
Metrology Laboratory (Laboratório de Metrologia Nuclear—LMN) in the Nuclear and Energy …

The 4πβ–γ anticoincidence method is used for the primary standardization of β−, β+,
electron capture (EC), α, and mixed-mode radionuclides. Efficiency extrapolation using one …

Case‐based reasoning (CBR) is the area of artificial intelligence where problems are solved
by adapting solutions that worked for similar problems from the past. This technique can be …

At LNE-LNHB, a liquid scintillation (LS) detection setup designed for Triple to Double
Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) measurements is also used in the β-channel of a 4π (LS) β–γ …

The procedure followed by the Nuclear Metrology Laboratory (LMN), at the Nuclear and
Energy Research Institute (IPEN), for the primary standardization of 177Lu is described. This …

The procedure followed by the Nuclear Metrology Laboratory, at IPEN, for the primary
standardization of 99mTc is described. The primary standardization has been accomplished …

The radionuclide copper-64 is a promising candidate for nuclear medicine, but its complex
decay creates challenges in the primary standardization of its activity. Monte Carlo …

Radionuclide metrology laboratories aim to provide radioactive standards for detector
calibrations in nuclear safety areas with low uncertainties. Such standards are applied in …