Psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent, often devastating diseases that negatively impact
the lives of millions of people worldwide. Although their etiological and diagnostic …

Pain is a multidimensional experience with sensory-discriminative, affective-motivational,
and cognitive-evaluative components. Pain aversiveness is one principal cause of suffering …

Spontaneous animal behaviour is built from action modules that are concatenated by the
brain into sequences,. However, the neural mechanisms that guide the composition of …

Behavior is shaped by both the internal state of an animal and its individual behavioral
biases. Rhythmic variation in gonadal hormones during the estrous cycle is a defining …

Keypoint tracking algorithms can flexibly quantify animal movement from videos obtained in
a wide variety of settings. However, it remains unclear how to parse continuous keypoint …

Best practices in preclinical algesiometry (pain behaviour testing) have shifted over the past
decade as a result of technological advancements, the continued dearth of translational …

Animal behavior is shaped by a variety of" internal states"—partially hidden variables that
profoundly shape perception, cognition, and action. The neural basis of internal states, such …

Comprehensive descriptions of animal behavior require precise three-dimensional (3D)
measurements of whole-body movements. Although two-dimensional approaches can track …

Ongoing pain is driven by the activation and modulation of pain-sensing neurons, affecting
physiology, motor function, and motivation to engage in certain behaviors. The complexity of …

Videos of animal behavior are used to quantify researcher-defined behaviors of interest to
study neural function, gene mutations, and pharmacological therapies. Behaviors of interest …