Context: Anterior knee pain (AKP) represents the most common reason to consult with a
clinician who specializes in the knee. Despite the high incidence of the disorder, however …

Idiopathic Rotational Abnormalities of the Lower Extremities... : JBJS Reviews Idiopathic
Rotational Abnormalities of the Lower Extremities in Children and Adults : JBJS Reviews JBJS …

Background: Focal cartilage lesions in the patellofemoral (PF) joint are common. Several
studies correlated PF risk factors with PF instability, anterior knee pain, and PF arthritis; …

Purpose Abnormalities of lower extremity alignment (LEA) in recurrent patella dislocation
(RPD) have been studied mostly by two‐dimensional (2D) procedures leaving three …

Purpose The purposes of this study were to investigate the anatomical risk factors of grade 3
J-sign and analyse the influence of J-sign grades on the short-term clinical outcomes of …

Background: The clinical impact of increased torsion on patellar instability and
patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) has been suggested by several studies. Hypothesis …

Background: Developing bone is highly adaptable and, as such, is susceptible to
pathological shape deformation. Thus, it is imperative to quantify if changes in …

Aims The prevalence of combined abnormalities of femoral torsion (FT) and tibial torsion
(TT) is unknown in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and hip dysplasia …

Background: Patellar maltracking is widely accepted as an underlying mechanism of
patellofemoral pain. However, methodological differences in the literature hinder our ability …

Purpose The role of increased femoral antetorsion (femAT) as a contributor to patellofemoral
(PF) osteoarthritis (OA) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether …