Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potentially useful platforms in treatment methods for
patients with tumors. They preferentially target and kill tumor cells, leaving healthy cells …

Throughout its 40-year history, the field of gene therapy has been marked by many
transitions. It has seen great strides in combating human disease, has given hope to patients …

Oncolytic viruses can be usefully integrated into tumour immunotherapies, as they target
multiple steps within the cancer–immunity cycle. Oncolytic viruses directly lyse tumour cells …

In view of the advancement in the understanding about the most diverse types of cancer and
consequently a relentless search for a cure and increased survival rates of cancer patients …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the most abundant innate immune cells
in tumors. TAMs, exhibiting anti-inflammatory phenotype, are key players in cancer …

The recent successes of tumor immunotherapy approaches, such as immune checkpoint
blockade (ICB) and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, have revolutionized …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage,
with systemic therapy being the mainstay of treatment. Survival continues to be limited …

Since the discovery in 1796 by Edward Jenner of vaccinia virus as a way to prevent and
finally eradicate smallpox, the concept of using a virus to fight another virus has evolved into …

Highlights•Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can modulate tumour microenvironment (TME) towards
less immunosuppressive phenotype and induce anti-cancer immunity.•OVs can be used as …

The occurrence and development of tumors depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME),
which consists of various types of cellular and acellular components. Tumor-associated …