Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a life-threatening vector-borne parasitic disease is distributed
in some parts of the new world and old world. The disease is endemic in different parts of …

Leishmaniasis is endemic in the Middle East, and both cutaneous and visceral forms are
reported from the region ranging from the Levant to Afghanistan. The potential and proven …

Sand fly research has a long history in Iran beginning with the work of Adler, Theodor and
Lourie in 1930 and followed by Mesghali's foundational taxonomic work on sand flies in …

Leishmaniasis is a major vector-borne disease and health problem in Iran. Studies on sand
flies, as the vectors of the disease, began in the Northern and Western parts of the country in …

Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne diseases caused by the members of Leishmania
genus, and there are three main clinical forms of the infection as visceral, cutaneous, and …

In Turkey, the main causative agents are Leishmania tropica (L. tropica) and Leishmania
infantum (L. infantum) for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and L. infantum for visceral …

Background The purpose of this study is to create distribution models of two sand fly
species, Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) and P. alexandri (Sinton), across the Middle East …

The understanding of the effects of past climatic changes on the distribution of vector
arthropods can strongly support the understanding of the future potential impact of …

Abstract During 2013–2015, prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in war-affected
Waziristan areas was 3.61% by PCR. Youths (1–15 years of age) were more susceptible …

Among the 20 or so Leishmania spp. described as pathogenic for humans, those of the
Leishmania donovani complex are the exclusive causative agents of systemic and fatal …