Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating neurodegenerative disease of the
central nervous system (CNS) due to injury of the myelin sheath by immune cells. The …

Metformin as a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment is widely studied.
Metformin can reduce liver glucose output and improve insulin resistance. Recent evidence …

Demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) occur when myelin and
oligodendrocytes are damaged or lost. Remyelination and regeneration of oligodendrocytes …

Ischemic stroke results in demyelination that underlies neurological disfunction. Promoting
oligodendrogenesis will rescue the injured axons and accelerate remyelination after stroke …

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD), a type of dementia, is characterized by progressive
memory decline and cognition impairment. Despite the considerable body of evidence …

Neuroinflammation and epilepsy are different pathologies, but, in some cases, they are so
closely related that the activation of one of the pathologies leads to the development of the …

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction
of myelinating oligodendroglia in the central nervous system. Loss of myelin leads to …

Aims Nephrotoxicity is one of the most serious health consequences of cadmium (Cd) toxic
exposure. Cd was associated with nephrotoxicity through different mechanisms including …

As we all know, opioids are the drugs of choice for treating severe pain. However, very often,
opioid use leads to tolerance, dependence, and hyperalgesia. Therefore, understanding the …

Background Energy metabolism disorders and neurogenic inflammation play important roles
in the central sensitization to chronic migraine (CM). AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is …