This paper is the thirty-seventh consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2014 …

Drug permeability in the central nervous system (CNS) across blood–brain and blood–
cerebrospinal fluid barriers is an important determinant of neurological disorders therapeutic …

In the developed and developing world, opioid consumption in combination with alcohol has
become one of the substances abused. In this experiment, we examined the effects of …

The analgesic effect of opioids decreases over time due to the development of analgesic
tolerance. We have shown that inhibition of the platelet-derived growth factor beta (PDGFR …

Fluoride is a chemical compound known to bring about fluorosis. It is thought to disrupt the
central nervous system because of its ability to induce excitotoxicity and oxidative stress …

The objective of the present study was to analyze alterations of the femoral nerve of aged
rats subjected to aerobic training. Wistar rats (12-mo of age) were divided in to two groups: S …

Background: Tramadol has a high potential for misuse resulting in cognitive impairment.
Zingiberofficinale, however, possesses neuroprotective qualities. Objective: Microscopically …

Background: Tramadol has a high potential for misuse resulting in cognitive impairment.
Zingiber officinale, however, possesses neuroprotective qualities. Objective: Microscopically …

Stereological techniques using the optical disectors require estimation of final section
thickness, but frozen tissue irregularities may interfere with this estimation. Cryostat slices …