Smoking is associated with an increased risk of cancer, pulmonary and cardiovascular
diseases, but the precise mechanisms by which such risk is mediated remain poorly …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a debilitating respiratory disease and one
of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is characterized by persistent …

Cigarette smoke is responsible for many fatal pulmonary diseases, however, the toxic
mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we first confirmed that whole cigarette smoke …

ABSTRACT COPD is a seriously disabling respiratory condition that inexorably progresses
to disability and mortality. It affects approximately 10% of the population globally with a …

The connection between smoking and Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not yet clear. There
are studies that have confirmed the effect of smoking on sleep disordered breathing …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are major lung diseases
affecting millions worldwide. Both diseases have links to cigarette smoking and exert a …

Oxygen (O2) is essential for human life. Molecular oxygen is vital for the production of
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human cells. O2 deficiency leads to a reduction in the …

Coal processing generates a large volume of waste that can damage human health and the
environment. Often these wastes produce acid drainage in which several minerals are …

A key concept in drug discovery is the identification of candidate therapeutic targets such as
long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) because of their extensive involvement in neoplasms, and …

Objective Mural angiogenesis and macrophage accumulation are two pathologic hallmarks
of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease. The heterodimeric transcription factor hypoxia …