The foramen ovale is an essential component of the fetal circulation contributing to
oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination that remains patent under certain …

New Findings What is the central question of this study? Do individuals with a patent
foramen ovale (PFO+) have a larger alveolar‐to‐arterial difference in () than those without …

Transthoracic saline contrast echocardiography is commonly used to assess intrathoracic
shunt flow in vivo. Though the technique has many advantages (safe, simple, repeatable) …

Fossorial giant Zambian mole-rats are believed to live in a hypoxic and hypercapnic
subterranean environment but their physiological responses to these challenges are entirely …

New Findings What is the central question to this study? Is there a relationship between a
patent foramen ovale and the development of acute mountain sickness and an exaggerated …

Coordination of cardiovascular and respiratory systems enables a wide range of human
adaptation and depends upon the functional state of an individual organism. Hypoxia is …

New Findings What is the central question of this study? Do individuals with a patent
foramen ovale (PFO+) have a lower lung transfer factor for carbon monoxide than those …

" A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a source of intracardiac shunt, and preliminary data
suggests that those with a PFO have higher concentrations of inflammatory cytokines …

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been documented in humans since Galen reported their
existence approximately 2000 years ago. PFO has been associated with a variety of …

BACKGROUND Exposure to high altitude has become an increasingly popular practice
among outdoor enthusiasts, but for people with congenital heart disease (CHD) it can be an …