Microgravity (µ g) has a massive impact on the health of space explorers. Microgravity
changes the proliferation, differentiation, and growth of cells. As crewed spaceflights into …

Understanding the dynamic adaptive plasticity of microorganisms has been advanced by
studying their responses to extreme environments. Spaceflight research platforms provide a …

The innate immune response is the first line of defense for all animals to not only detect
invading microbes and toxins but also sense and interface with the environment. One such …

Perturbations to host–microbe interactions, such as environmental stress, can alter and
disrupt homeostasis. In this study, we examined the effects of a stressor, simulated …

Nature exhibits an enormous diversity of organisms that thrive in extreme environments.
From snow algae that reproduce at sub-zero temperatures to radiotrophic fungi that thrive in …

Abstract Space life science has been a frontier discipline in the life sciences, aiming to study
the life phenomena of earth organisms and their activity patterns under the special …

Both apoptotic and inflammatory caspases play a significant role in developing and
maintaining an organism's homeostasis. Recently, various studies have described various …