One of the most important direct defense responses in plants against the attack by
phytophagous insects is the production of insecticidal peptides or proteins. One particular …

The main results of the research performed in the last 30 years on ribosome-inactivating
proteins (RIPs) are reviewed, with emphasis on the new, controversial and uncertain …

Black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) has a long ethnobotanical history across many disparate
cultures as a treatment for viral infection and is currently one of the most‐used medicinal …

This review provides a historical overview of the research on plant ribosome-inactivating
proteins (RIPs), starting from the first studies at the end of eighteenth century involving the …

Parietaria diffusa M. et K., Urtica dioica L.(Urticaceae) and Sambucus nigra
L.(Caprifoliaceae) are plants usually used in popular medicine of central Italy for treating …

The elderberry or elder (Sambucus spp.), in production or growing wild in the northern
hemisphere, may have the widest range of applications of all small fruits. Members of the …

Background An ethnobotanical and medical study was carried out in the Navarre Pyrenees,
an area known both for its high biological diversity and its cultural significance. As well as …

Sambucus ebulus is known as dwarf elder or elderberry. S. ebulus extracts are an important
area in drug development with numerous pharmacological functions in the Middle East …

In the current context, when more and more unknown pathogens appear, healthy eating and
supplementing it with natural products play an increasingly important role in maintaining the …

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaves contain virus-inducible type 1 (single chain) ribosome-
inactivating proteins that have been named beetins. The structural and functional …