In this review, I summarize what we know about the development of sex‐related differences
in spatial skills, their potential malleability, and their possible causes. Current evidence …

Mental rotation ability is associated with successful advances in STEM (science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics) education and occupations. Meta-analyses have shown …

Mental rotation tests (MRTs) have previously shown one of the most prominent sex
differences in cognitive psychology, marked by a large male performance advantage …

Spatial thinking is essential for nurturing spatially literate graduates in tertiary education.
However, there is limited research on individual differences in cognitive processes and their …

Introduction Eye-tracking technology provides a reliable and cost-effective approach to
characterize mental representation according to specific patterns. Mental rotation tasks …

Background Anyone who has ever found themselves lost while driving in an unfamiliar
neighborhood or forgotten where they parked their car can appreciate the importance of …

We conducted what is likely the first large-scale comprehensive eye tracking investigation of
the cognitive processes involved in the psychometric mental rotation task with three …

Background Spatial problem‐solving is an essential skill for success in many engineering
disciplines; thus, understanding the cognitive processes involved could help inform the …

Past research has shown that children's mental rotation skills are malleable and can be
improved through action experience—physically rotating objects—or gesture experience …

Virtual reality (VR) has been a promising tool for developing visuospatial tasks. Among
visuospatial tasks, mental rotation tasks are widely used in the assessment of visuospatial …