The human retina contains three types of glial cells: microglia and two types of macroglia,
astrocytes and Müller cells. Macroglia provide homeostatic and metabolic support to …

The mammalian retina provides an excellent opportunity to study glia–neuron interactions
and the interactions of glia with blood vessels. Three main types of glial cells are found in …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) readily infects a variety
of cell types impacting the function of vital organ systems, with particularly severe impact on …

Retinal neurodegenerative diseases like age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma,
diabetic retinopathy and retinitis pigmentosa each have a different etiology and …

Due to their permanent and close proximity to neurons, glial cells perform essential tasks for
the normal physiology of the retina. Astrocytes and Müller cells (retinal macroglia) provide …

Purpose: Retinitis pigmentosa includes a group of progressive retinal degenerative
diseases that affect the structure and function of photoreceptors. Secondarily to the loss of …

The microcirculation plays a key role in delivering oxygen to and removing metabolic wastes
from energy-intensive retinal neurons. Microvascular changes are a hallmark feature of …

Cell-based therapeutics offer diverse options for treating retinal degenerative diseases, such
as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). AMD is …

Purpose: To describe new details of epiretinal cell proliferation in flat-mounted internal
limiting membrane specimens. Methods: One hundred nineteen internal limiting membrane …

Despite the remarkable complexity of the individual neuron and of neuronal circuits, it has
been clear for quite a while that, in order to understand the functioning of the brain, the …