Anthracyclines are the cornerstone of many chemotherapy regimens for a variety of cancers.
Unfortunately, their use is limited by a cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Despite …

The relationship between metabolism and cell cycle progression is complex and
bidirectional. Cells must rewire metabolism to meet changing biosynthetic demands across …

An important pathophysiological process of acute kidney injury (AKI) is mitochondrial
fragmentation in renal tubular epithelial cells, which leads to cell death. Pyruvate kinase M2 …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality globally, so further
investigation is required to identify its underlying mechanisms and potential targets for its …

Rationale: Exosomes are emerging as a promising drug delivery carrier. However, rapid
uptake of exosomes by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) remains an obstacle for …

Oxidative stress is a major pathogenic mechanism in Parkinson's disease (PD). As an
important cellular antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) balances the production and incorporation …

The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is one isoform of pyruvate kinase (PK). PKM2 is
expressed at high levels during embryonic development and tumor progression and is …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS; eg., superoxide [O2•−] and hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]) and
reactive nitrogen species (RNS; eg., nitric oxide [NO•]) at the physiological level function as …

Pyruvate kinase M2 is a critical enzyme that regulates cell metabolism and growth under
different physiological conditions. In its metabolic role, pyruvate kinase M2 catalyzes the last …

The chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide has previously
been shown to induce complications within the setting of bone marrow transplantation. More …