Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are a class of broad-spectrum insecticides dominant in the global
market. They were distributed extensively in the environment and occurred frequently in …

Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used in both urban and agricultural settings around
the world. Historically, neonicotinoid insecticides have been viewed as ideal replacements …

Growing evidence for global pollinator decline is causing concern for biodiversity
conservation and ecosystem services maintenance. Neonicotinoid pesticides have been …

Neonicotinoids have become the most widely used insecticides in the world since
introduced in the mid 1990s, yet the extent of human exposure and health impacts is not fully …

The use of neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) has been rising globally due to their broad-
spectrum insecticidal activity, unique mode of neurotoxic action and presumed low …

Due to their systemic character and high efficacy to insect controls, neonicotinoid
insecticides (neonics) have been widely used in global agriculture since its introduction in …

Neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) are the most widely used insecticides globally and
ubiquitous in the environment, which has led to widespread human exposure. However …

Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) are emerging pesticides of concern due to their potential
toxicity to non-target species (eg, bees, fish and birds). China is an important producer and …

While neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) have been widely used worldwide, limited studies
have measured specific metabolites of imidacloprid (IMI, the most commonly used NNI) in …

Neonicotinoid insecticides (NIIs) are extensively used worldwide and frequently detected in
the environment. The human and ecological risks associated with the occurrence of NIIs in …