This book offers essential, systematic information on the assessment of the spatial
association between two processes from a statistical standpoint. Divided into eight chapters …

The preferential sampling of locations chosen to observe a spatio-temporal process has
been identified as a major problem across multiple fields. Predictions of the process can be …

Effective sample size accounts for the equivalent number of independent observations
contained in a sample of correlated data. This notion has been widely studied in the context …

Fundamental to most classical data collection sampling theory development is the random
drawings assumption requiring that each targeted population member has a known sample …

This article develops a theoretical framework to determine the economically optimal grid size
when sampling to guide precision application of inputs. Our theoretical model shows that a …

Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as
small domains (eg, small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With …

Griffith [Effective geographic sample size in the presence of spatial autocorrelation. Ann
Assoc Amer Geogr. 2005; 95: 740–760] suggested a formula to compute the effective …

Spatial analysis commonly relies on the estimation of a covariance matrix associated with a
random field. This estimation strongly impacts the prediction where the process has not …

In this paper, within a spatial statistics framework, we present an upper bound for the
effective sample size (ESS) as defined by Vallejos and Osorio (2014), addressing a …

Financial investment with collection and laboratory analysis of soil samples is an important
factor to be considered when mapping agricultural areas with soybean planting. One of the …