Digital Twin (DT) is an emerging technology and has been introduced into intelligent driving
and transportation systems to digitize and synergize connected automated vehicles …

Automated vehicles (AVs) have received intense attention in academia and industry around
the world in recent years, but the imminent introduction of AVs brings new challenges and …

Interest in autonomous driving (AD) and intelligent vehicles (IVs) is growing at a rapid pace
due to the convenience, safety, and economic benefits. Although a number of surveys have …

Autonomous vehicles were experiencing rapid development in the past few years. However,
achieving full autonomy is not a trivial task, due to the nature of the complex and dynamic …

Verification and validation (V&V) hold a significant position in the research and development
of automated vehicles (AVs). Current literature indicates that different V&V techniques have …

As an emerging paradigm for urban sensing, vehicular crowd sensing (VCS) has received
increasing attention in recent years. Unlike traditional sensing paradigms, VCS leverages …

Despite rapid developments in visual image-based road detection, robustly identifying road
areas in visual images remains challenging due to issues like illumination changes and …

Path planning is a critical issue to ensure the safety and reliability of the autonomous
navigation system of the autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Due to the nonlinearity …

Random Sample Consensus, most commonly abbreviated as RANSAC, is a robust
estimation method for the parameters of a model contaminated by a sizable percentage of …

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), in the context of cooperative intelligent
transportation systems (C-ITS), are capable of exchanging information with each other and …