Animals are born with a rich repertoire of robust behaviors that are critical for their survival.
However, innate behaviors are also highly adaptable to an animal's internal state and …

Animals respond to changes in the environment which affect their internal state by adapting
their behaviors. Social isolation is a form of passive environmental stressor that alters …

We define the chemoconnectome (CCT) as the entire set of neurotransmitters,
neuromodulators, neuropeptides, and their receptors underlying chemotransmission in an …

Age-dependent memory impairment is known to occur in several organisms, including
Drosophila, mouse and human. However, the fundamental cellular mechanisms that …

The Varroa destructor mite is a devastating parasite of Apis mellifera honeybees. They can
cause colonies to collapse by spreading viruses and feeding on the fat reserves of adults …

Alcohol is a widely used and abused substance with numerous negative consequences for
human health and safety. Historically, alcohol's widespread, non-specific neurobiological …

The biogenic monoamine octopamine (OA) is a crucial regulator of invertebrate physiology
and behavior. Since its discovery in the 1950s in octopus salivary glands, OA has been …

In all animals, sleep pressure is under continuous tight regulation. It is universally accepted
that this regulation arises from a two-process model, integrating both a circadian and a …

A set of 14 insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in the Drosophila brain produces three insulin-like
peptides (DILP2, 3 and 5). Activity in IPCs and release of DILPs is nutrient dependent and …

Oviposition is induced upon mating in most insects. Ovulation is a primary step in
oviposition, representing an important target to control insect pests and vectors, but limited …