Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder that, whilst initially driven by
activation of brain reward neurocircuits, increasingly engages anti-reward neurocircuits that …

Background Sharp exacerbations of the US overdose crisis are linked to polysubstance use
of synthetic compounds. Xylazine is a veterinary tranquilizer, long noted in the street opioid …

Abstract Backgrounds: Between 2009 and 2018, the number of opioid-related deaths
(ORDs) in Scotland showed a dramatic increase, whereas in England and Wales, a much …

Background There is considerable public interest in whether Europe is facing an opioid
crisis comparable to the one in the United States and the contribution of opioid prescriptions …

BackgroundGiven the ongoing opioid crisis in the United States (US), we investigated the
opioid situation in Europe. The aims of the study are to provide an overview of trends in …

In the US, an opioid overdose crisis has emerged, attributable to over-prescription of opioid
analgesics, driven by aggressive marketing by pharmaceutical companies, followed by …

Aims To explore the feasibility of delivering community‐based drug safety testing (drug
checking), to trial service design characteristics and to compare with festival‐based testing …

Background During the last decade, opioid prescription policies in Norway have been
liberalised and pharmaceutical opioid (PO) dispensing has increased. Against this …

Background Peer workers or “peers”(workers with past or present drug use experience) are
at the forefront of overdose response initiatives, and their role is essential in creating safe …

The rise in mortality in high-income countries from drug, suicide, and alcohol specific
causes, referred to collectively as 'deaths of despair', has received growing interest from …