Glycoconjugates are major constituents of mammalian cells that are formed via covalent
conjugation of carbohydrates to other biomolecules like proteins and lipids and often …

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells, uniquely able to induce naïve
T cell activation and effector differentiation. They are, likewise, involved in the induction and …

Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been used for over 90 years to enhance the immune
response to vaccines. Recent work has significantly advanced our understanding of the …

Background Aluminum is regularly taken up with the daily diet. It is also used in
antiperspirants, as an adjuvant for vaccination, and in desensitization procedures. In this …

The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic has seen rapid spread, disease morbidities and death
associated with substantive social, economic and societal impacts. Treatments rely on re …

Vaccines have been the single most significant advancement in public health, preventing
morbidity and mortality in millions of people annually. Vaccine development has traditionally …

The development of therapeutic cancer vaccines as a means to generate immune reactivity
against tumors has been explored since the early discovery of tumor-specific antigens by …

Vaccines, including subunit, recombinant, and conjugate vaccines, require the use of an
immunostimulator/adjuvant for maximum efficacy. Adjuvants not only enhance the strength …

Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are pattern-
recognition receptors similar to toll-like receptors (TLRs). While TLRs are transmembrane …

Vaccines are the most effective and cost-efficient method for preventing diseases caused by
infectious pathogens. Despite the great success of vaccines, development of safe and strong …