Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles that are released from cells and reflect
the characteristics of the mother cell. Recently, the EVs have been used in several types of …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membrane vesicles of various sizes that can be
secreted by most cells. EVs contain a diverse array of cargo, including RNAs, lipids …

Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. By
performing compensatory functions and improving the inflammatory microenvironment, the …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely recognized for their potential as drug delivery
systems. EVs are membranous nanoparticles shed from cells. Among their natural features …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide with limited treatment
options. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) hold …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complex complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is a leading
cause of adult blindness. Hyperglycemia triggers DR, resulting in microvascular damage …

Exosomes, which are nanosized vesicles secreted by cells, are attracting increasing interest
in the field of biomedical research due to their unique properties, including biocompatibility …

Retinal diseases are the leading cause of blindness, resulting in irreversible degeneration
and death of retinal neurons. One such cell type, the retinal ganglion cell (RGC), is …

Exosomes are nanoscale membrane bound vesicles secreted by almost all types of cells.
Their unique attributes, such as minimal immunogenicity and compatibility with biological …

Photoreceptor apoptosis is an important pathogenesis of retinal degeneration and a primary
cause of vision loss with limited treatment methods. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells …