In high-, middle-and low-income countries, the rising prevalence of obesity is the underlying
cause of numerous health complications and increased mortality. Being a complex and …

Obesity is a major public health concern. This condition results from a constant and complex
interplay between predisposing genes and environmental stimuli. Current attempts to …

Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (NPP)-type ectophosphodiesterases are
found at the cell surface as type-I or type-II transmembrane proteins, but are also found …

Autotaxin (ATX) is an ecto-enzyme responsible for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production in
blood. ATX is present in various biological fluids such as cerebrospinal and seminal fluids …

We identified a locus on chromosome 6q16. 3–q24. 2 (ref.) associated with childhood
obesity that includes 2.4 Mb common to eight genome scans for type 2 diabetes (T2D) or …

ENPP1 is well known for its role in regulating skeletal and soft tissue mineralization. It
primarily exerts its function through the generation of pyrophosphate, a key inhibitor of …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease that is caused by insulin resistance
and β-cell dysfunction. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes has an evident genetic component and …

Nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) is required for the conversion of
extracellular ATP into inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), a recognised inhibitor of …

Enpp1 is a membrane-bound glycoprotein that regulates bone mineralization by hydrolyzing
extracellular nucleotide triphosphates to produce pyrophosphate. Enpp1 dysfunction causes …

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that raises the risk of microvascular and neurological
disorders. Insensitivity to insulin is a characteristic of type II diabetes, which accounts for 85 …