Ancient duplication events and a high rate of retention of extant pairs of duplicate genes
have contributed to an abundance of duplicate genes in plant genomes. These duplicates …

Background Polyploidy or whole-genome duplication is now recognized as being present in
almost all lineages of higher plants, with multiple rounds of polyploidy occurring in most …

For nearly a century, biologists, and botanists in particular, have been interested in the
determination and documentation of chromosome numbers for extant taxa (reviewed in …

The prevalence of autopolyploids in angiosperms has long been a subject of debate.
Müntzing (1936) and Darlington (1937) concluded that autopolyploids were common and …

Polyploidy has long been considered a major force in plant evolution. G. Ledyard Stebbins,
Jr., an architect of the Modern Synthesis, elegantly addressed a broad range of topics, from …

Polyploidy (whole‐genome duplication, WGD) is an integral feature of eukaryotic evolution
with two main forms typically recognized, autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy. In plants, a …

Polyploidy, the possession of more than 2 complete genomes, is a major force in plant
evolution known to affect the genetic and genomic constitution and the phenotype of an …

Over the years, the amount of DNA in a nucleus (genome size) has been estimated using a
variety of methods, but increasingly, flow cytometry (FCM) has become the method of choice …

Ploidy-variable species allow direct inference of the effects of chromosome copy number on
fundamental evolutionary processes. While an abundance of theoretical work suggests …

The large‐scale replacement of gymnosperms by angiosperms in many ecological niches
over time and the huge disparity in species numbers have led scientists to explore factors …