Abstract Machine Learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence that studies algorithms
able to learn autonomously, directly from the input data. Over the last decade, ML …

Electronics industry is one of the fastest evolving, innovative, and most competitive
industries. In order to meet the high consumption demands on electronics components …

Face-pose estimation aims at estimating the gazing direction with two-dimensional face
images. It gives important communicative information and visual saliency. However, it is …

Defect pattern recognition (DPR) of wafer maps is critical for determining the root cause of
production defects, which can provide insights for the yield improvement in wafer foundries …

With the high demand and sub-nanometer design for integrated circuits, surface defect
complexity and frequency for semiconductor wafers have increased; subsequently …

Identification of the defective patterns of the wafer maps can provide insights for the quality
control in the semiconductor wafer fabrication systems (SWFSs). In real SWFSs, the …

Wafer maps contain information about defects and clustered defects that form failure
patterns. Failure patterns exhibit the information related to defect generation mechanisms …

In the semiconductor industry, the testing section has always played an important role. The
testing section often requires engineers to judge the defect, which wastes a lot of time and …

In semiconductor manufacturing processes, defect detection and recognition in wafer maps
have received increasing attention from semiconductor industry. The various defect patterns …

Defective die on a wafer map tend to cluster in distinguishable patterns, and such defect
patterns can provide crucial information to identify equipment problems or process failures in …