In a signaling network, not only the functions of molecules are important but when (temporal)
and where (spatial) those functions are exerted and orchestrated is what defines the …

A key problem in organismal biology is to explain the origins of functional diversity. In the
context of organismal biology, functional diversity describes the set of phenotypes, across …

There are fundamental physical reasons why biochemical processes might be subject to
noise and stochastic fluctuations. Indeed, it has long been understood that random …

Background Stochasticity plays important roles in many molecular networks when molecular
concentrations are in the range of 0.1 μ M to 10 n M (about 100 to 10 copies in a cell). The …

Covalent modification cycles (eg, phosphorylation-dephosphorylation) underlie most cellular
signaling and control processes. Low molecular copy number, arising from compartmental …

In this study, a Langevin model is constructed by modifying a neuron–astrocyte coupled
model that comprises a pyramidal neuron, an interneuron, and an astrocyte. This Langevin …

We study coherence resonance (CR) in the FitzHugh–Nagumo (FHN) neurons under cross-
correlated sine-Wiener (CCSW) noises. It is numerically demonstrated that the reciprocal …

Normal development of multicellular organisms requires cells to respond properly according
to their positions. Positional information is often provided to cells as concentrations of …

Developments in bioengineering and nanotechnology have ignited the research on
biological and molecular communication systems. Despite potential benefits, engineering …

The bistable FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neural model driven by two multiplicative noises and
one additive noise is investigated. Two different potential mechanisms for enhancing …