Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the human body and its bioavailability is
stringently controlled. In particular, iron is tightly bound to host proteins such as transferrin to …

To fulfill their nutritional requirement for iron, bacteria utilize various iron sources which
include the host proteins transferrin and lactoferrin, heme, and low molecular weight iron …

Iron is a versatile redox-active catalyst and a required cofactor within a diverse array of
biological processes. To almost all organisms, iron is both essential and potentially toxic …

Metals are required cofactors for numerous fundamental processes that are essential to both
pathogen and host. They are coordinated in enzymes responsible for DNA replication and …

Iron is essential to nearly all life forms on Earth, required for the proper function of enzymes
involved in, for example, respiration, photosynthesis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, nitrogen …

Iron is a transition metal utilized by nearly all forms of life for essential cellular processes,
such as DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. During infection by bacterial pathogens, the …

The highly contagious disease tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (Mtb), which has been evolving drug resistance at an alarming rate. Like all …

Efficient iron acquisition is critical for an invading microbe's survival and virulence. Most of
the iron in mammals is incorporated into heme, which can be plundered by certain bacterial …

Gram-negative bacteria use specific heme uptake systems, relying on outer membrane
receptors and excreted heme-binding proteins (hemophores) to scavenge and actively …

Iron is essential for the survival of most bacteria but presents a significant challenge given its
limited bioavailability. Furthermore, the toxicity of iron combined with the need to maintain …