In 7 free-recall experiments, the benefit of creating drawings of to-be-remembered
information relative to writing was examined as a mnemonic strategy. In Experiments 1 and …

It is often hypothesized that prior knowledge strongly predicts learning performance. It can
affect learning positively mediated through some processes and negatively mediated …

We review and meta-analyze how distinctive encoding alters encoding and retrieval
processes and, thus, affects correct and false recognition in the Deese–Roediger …

Producing items by means as simple as saying, writing, or typing them can yield substantial
memory improvements relative to silent reading. We review the research on this production …

Mathematical models explaining production effects assume that production leads to the
encoding of additional features, such as phonological ones. This improves memory with a …

The production effect is the memory advantage of saying words aloud over simply reading
them silently. It has been hypothesised that this advantage stems from production featuring …

L'effet de production fait référence au fait que les mots lus à haute voix sont mieux
mémorisés que ceux lus en silence. Cette tendance a le plus souvent été expliquée comme …

The production effect refers to the finding that words read aloud are better remembered than
words read silently. This finding is typically attributed to the presence of additional …

The 'Production Effect'(PE) refers to a memory advantage for items studied aloud over items
studied silently. Thus, vocalizing may serve as a mnemonic that can be used to assist …

The production effect—better memory for words read aloud rather than silently—has been
attributed to responses at test being guided by memory for the act of production. In …