Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the primary factor that drives fibrosis in most, if not
all, forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inhibition of the TGF-β isoform, TGF-β1, or its …

Fibrosis — A Common Pathway to Organ Injury and Failure | New England Journal of Medicine
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Liver cirrhosis is the final pathological result of various chronic liver diseases, and fibrosis is
the precursor of cirrhosis. Many types of cells, cytokines and miRNAs are involved in the …

Renal fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) that
disrupts and replaces functional parenchyma, which leads to organ failure. It is known as the …

There have been considerable recent advances towards a better understanding of the
complex cellular and molecular network underlying liver fibrogenesis. Recent data indicate …

Chronic liver disease is associated with remarkable alterations in the intra-and extrahepatic
vasculature. Because of these changes, the fields of liver vasculature and portal …

In the past, liver cirrhosis was considered an irreversible phenomenon. However, many
experimental data have provided evidence of the reversibility of liver fibrosis. Moreover …

Hepatic fibrosis occurs during chronic hepatic injury and is involved in hepatic stellate cells
(HSCs) activated by several types of immune cells. Among the immune cells, hepatic …

Liver fibrosis is the common scarring reaction associated with chronic liver injury that results
from prolonged parenchymal cell injury and/or inflammation. The fibrogenic response is …

Hepatocyte cell death during liver injury was classically viewed to occur by either
programmed (apoptosis), or accidental, uncontrolled cell death (necrosis). Growing …