Leptin, a 16-kDa protein secreted from white adipocytes, has been implicated in the
regulation of food intake, energy expenditure, and whole-body energy balance in rodents …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one the most potent orexigenic peptides found in the brain. It
stimulates food intake with a preferential effect on carbohydrate intake. It decreases latency …

Feeding in mammals is a periodic behavior; however, knowledge of how the brain signals
an intermittent eating pattern is scanty. Recent indirect evidence indicates that one of the …

Infertility associated with suboptimal nutrition is a major concern among livestock producers.
Recently, much effort has been put into understanding the role of the protein leptin in …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a hexatriacontapeptide amide that is now well characterized as a
neuromodulator in the central nervous system (CNS). When infused into the CNS, NPY …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in the hypothalamic regulation of reproduction
and energy homeostasis. The perikarya located primarily in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of …

Relaxin-3 (RLX3), a newly identified member of the relaxin peptide family, is distinguished
by its enriched expression in GABA projection neurons of the pontine nucleus incertus (NI) …

Scientific and commercial pharmacological interest in the role of galanin and galanin
receptors in the regulation of food intake, energy balance, and obesity has waned recently …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino acid peptide belonging to the pancreatic polypeptide
family of neuroendocrine hormones. It is the most abundant peptide yet discovered in the …

Rahmouni Arcuate Nucleus and Cardiovascular Regulation 1065 renal nerves. Electric
stimulation of the afferent renal nerves increased ARC neuronal activity as indicated by …