Global increases in atmospheric CO2 and temperature are associated with changes in
ocean chemistry and circulation, altering light and nutrient regimes. Resulting changes in …

Amongst the diversity of methods used by organisms to reduce damage caused by
ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the synthesis of UV-screening compounds is almost ubiquitous …

ORGANIC matter preserved in marine sediments provides a molecular record of marine
biological processes1, accounts for approximately 20% of all carbon burial2 and plays a key …

The oceans cover the majority of the Earth's surface; they influence our climate and provide
a valuable source of food to billions of people. Yet despite its fundamental impact on our …

The springtime stratospheric ozone (O3) layer over the Antarctic is thinning by as much as
50 percent, resulting in increased midultraviolet (UVB) radiation reaching the surface of the …

This unique textbook takes a broad look at the rapidly expanding field of freshwater
microbiology. Concentrating on the interactions between viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi and …

Sea ice is one the largest biomes on earth, yet it is poorly described by biogeochemical and
climate models. In this paper, published and unpublished data on sympagic (ice-associated) …

The foremost feature of a diatom is the species-specific ornamentation of the silicon cell wall,
which is preserved and faithfully reproduced through the generations. If exposed to different …

High salinity, nutrient deficiency, heavy metals, desiccation, temperature fluctuations, and
ultraviolet radiations are major abiotic stress factors considered inhospitable to algal growth …

Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can reduce the photosynthesis and growth of benthic
diatom communities in shallow freshwater. Nevertheless, greater amounts of algae …