Despite their widespread Internet availability and use, many of the new drugs of abuse
remain unfamiliar to health care providers. The herbal marijuana alternatives, like K2 or …

This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

Written for practitioners in the field, this critically acclaimed bestseller provides authoritative
information focused on the investigation of drug-related deaths and practical approaches to …

Salvia divinorum and Mitragyna speciosa (“Kratom”), two unscheduled dietary supplements
whose active agents are opioid receptor agonists, have discrete psychoactive effects that …

Plant-based drugs of abuse are as old as recorded human history. Although traditional
addictive substances, such as opium, cannabis and coca, have been controlled by the …

Salvia divinorum is a perennial sage native to Oaxaca, Mexico, that has been used
traditionally in divination rituals and as a treatment for the “semimagical” disease panzón de …

Salvinorin A (SalA), a selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, produces dysphoria and
pro-depressant like effects. These actions have been attributed to inhibition of striatal …

Salvinorin A, is a structurally unique, non-nitrogenous, kappa opioid receptor (KOP) agonist.
Given the role of KOPs in analgesic processes, we set out to determine whether salvinorin A …

Pharmacologic and toxic effects of xenobiotics, such as drugs of abuse, depend on the
genotype and phenotype of an individual, and conversely on the isoenzymes involved in …

At present, the Mexican mint Salvia divinorum is an unregulated hallucinogen. This has
resulted in various on-line botanical companies advertising and selling S. divinorum as a …