The goal of this chapter is to provide the foundation toward developing a more
comprehensive model of reading comprehension. To this end, seven prominent …

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1. Words activate brain regions that are close to or overlap with brain areas that are active
during perception of or actions involving the words' referents (Isenberg et al., 1999; Martin & …

This article proposes an integrated cognitive theory of reading and listening that draws on a
maximalist account of comprehension and emphasizes the role of bottom-up and top-down …

The structure of the chapter is roughly as follows. We begin by contrasting embodiment
theories with their main competitors—theories that emphasize the amodal, propositional …

Readers mentally simulate the objects and events described in narratives. One common
assumption is that readers mentally embody an actor's perspective; alternatively, readers …

Publisher Summary Most notably, comprehension necessitates the application of prior
knowledge in combination with the encoding of information currently in discourse focus …

Personal pronouns have been shown to influence cognitive perspective taking during
comprehension. Studies using single sentences found that 3rd person pronouns facilitate …

In this study, participants performed a sentence–picture verification task in which they read
sentences about an agent viewing an object (eg, moose) through a differentially occlusive …

Purpose Adopting a social capital theoretical (SCT) lens, this study aims to propose a
conceptual framework of effective internal communication (IC) for the hospitality industry …