In the digital age, space has become increasingly structured by the circuitry of global capital,
communications and commodities. This 'network society'splinters and fragments territorial …

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how young people who offend with others
define delinquent and criminal groups and consider the social risk factors associated with …

In recent years, children's involvement in County Lines drug trafficking (CL) has been of
increasing concern to national government, the police and safeguarding agencies …

Purpose This paper aims to explore the purpose and outline the key features of Liverpool
Football Club Foundation's County Lines (CL) programme and how principles of …

Combining a compulsive read with rigorous academic analysis, this book tells the real-life
stories of drug dealers involved in county lines networks, including their methods, motives …

Background The expansion of online drugs markets has widened opportunities to purchase
drugs, for both personal use and wider distribution, thus creating new potential public health …

Purpose The victimisation and criminal involvement of young people in organised criminal
groups is a recognised form of child criminal exploitation (CCE) in the UK. Three phases of …

In Glasgow, street gangs have existed for decades, with knife crime becoming a defining
feature. More than a decade on from Deuchar's original fieldwork, this book explores the …

This paper explored the novel use of an educational tool to assess its influence on County
Lines victimisation. Participants (n= 122) were randomly assigned to receive either County …

This thesis explores the processes by which young people involved in county lines drug
dealing identify, and are identified, as victims of child criminal exploitation (CCE) in the …