Simple and complex carbohydrates (glycans) have long been known to play major
metabolic, structural and physical roles in biological systems. Targeted microbial binding to …

▪ Abstract From a process involved in cell wall synthesis in archaea and some bacteria, N-
linked glycosylation has evolved into the most common covalent protein modification in …

Conformational diseases are caused by mutations altering the folding pathway or final
conformation of a protein. Many conformational diseases are caused by mutations in …

Protein misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contributes to the pathogenesis of
many diseases. Although oxidative stress can disrupt protein folding, how protein misfolding …

▪ Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi comprise the first two steps in
protein secretion. Vesicular carriers mediate a continuous flux of proteins and lipids between …

Secretory proteins are transported to the Golgi complex in vesicles that bud from the
endoplasmic reticulum. The cytoplasmic coat protein complex II (COPII) is responsible for …

Eukaryotic cells are able to discriminate between native and non‐native polypeptides,
selectively transporting the former to their final destinations. Secretory proteins are …

Deficiencies of coagulation factors other than factor VIII and factor IX that cause bleeding
disorders are inherited as autosomal recessive traits and are rare, with prevalences in the …

Membrane trafficking pathways are essential for the viability and growth of cells, and play a
major role in the interaction of cells with their environment. In this At a Glance article and …

Diurnal oscillations of gene expression controlled by the circadian clock underlie rhythmic
physiology across most living organisms. Although such rhythms have been extensively …