Preconception and prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants may affect future
health. Pregnancy and early life are critical sensitive windows of susceptibility. The aim of …

Epigenetics is the branch of genetics that studies the different mechanisms that influence
gene expression without direct modification of the DNA sequence. An ever-increasing …

Pencegahan stunting mulai dari awal kehamilan harus dilakukan agar dapat menurunkan
kejadian stunting pada anak. Kejadian stunting dapat terjadi pada masa kehamilan …

METHODS A systematic review was performed, including articles published between 2004–
2019, related to SHS exposure (prenatal and postnatal) and children's growth (weight …

In utero exposure to maternal tobacco smoking is the leading cause of birth complications in
addition to being associated with later impairment in child's development. Epigenetic …

Importance Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy has been associated with various
health consequences, including suboptimal neurodevelopment in offspring. However, the …

The aim of this review of reviews was to collate the latest evidence from systematic reviews
about the maternal and child health outcomes of being exposed to tobacco and nicotine …

METHODS This was a multicenter prospective cohort study involving pregnant smokers and
non-smokers. Pregnant smokers were identified at the first prenatal visit before 15 weeks of …

Smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes
and health issues for newborns later in life (1-3). National birth certificate data on cigarette …

The electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) became commercially available around 2004, yet the
characteristics of pregnant women who use these devices and their effects on maternal and …