Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF) is a multifunctional cytokine. First recognized as an
endogenous soluble factor that induces necrosis of solid tumours, TNF became increasingly …

Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) remains a significant problem for patients and
drug development. The idiosyncratic nature of IDILI makes mechanistic studies difficult, and …

Background Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is found in inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD). However, uncertainties remain on the magnitude of the association. Aims To …

Biotechnological monoclonal antibodies and receptor antagonists capable of targeting
specific inflammatory actors, such as cytokines, cytokines receptors, co-stimulatory …

Non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases
and can lead to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer in severe cases. In recent years, the incidence …

Previous studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a mediator of
hepatotoxicity in liver injury. Moreover, TNF-α has also been reported to have a protective …

Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents have been increasingly used to treat patients
affected by inflammatory bowel disease and dermatological and rheumatologic inflammatory …

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been broadly adopted for the clinical treatment of hepatic
and biliary diseases; however, its poor water-solubility becomes an obstacle in wide …

Biologics are among the most commonly prescribed medications for several chronic
inflammatory diseases. Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors, more so than other agents …

Targeted therapy is an emerging treatment strategy for alcoholic liver disease (ALD).
Inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ALD, and is a …