AbstractAmygdala'andamygdalar complex'are terms that now refer to a highly differentiated
region near the temporal pole of the mammalian cerebral hemisphere. Cell groups within it …

Dopamine plays an important role in fear and anxiety modulating a cortical brake that the
medial prefrontal cortex exerts on the anxiogenic output of the amygdala and have an …

It is widely recognized that the neural basis of brain function can be fully understood only by
integrating many disciplines at many levels. Studies of synaptic organization are bringing …

Humans and mice with loss-of-function mutations of the genes encoding kisspeptins (Kiss1)
or kisspeptin receptor (Kiss1r) are infertile due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Within …

Abstract Serotonergic 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors are abundantly expressed in prefrontal
cortex (PFC) and are targets of atypical antipsychotic drugs. They mediate, respectively …

We have injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the nigrostriatal pathway of rats in order to
address the role of inflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD). LPS induced a strong …

The role of dopaminergic (DA) projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in
appetitive and rewarding behavior has been widely studied, but the VTA also has …

Identifying the neuronal cell types that comprise the mammalian forebrain is a central
unsolved problem in neuroscience. Global gene expression profiles offer a potentially …

Synaptic transmission between midbrain dopamine neurons and target neurons in the
striatum is essential for the selection and reinforcement of movements. Recent evidence …

The hippocampus has two major outputs: multisynaptic pathways to the cerebral cortex and
a massive descending projection directly to the lateral septal part of the basal ganglia. Here …