The partial cross-utilization of molecules and pathways involved in opposing processes like
cell survival, proliferation and cell death, assures that mutations within one signaling …

Chronic inflammation is characterized by longstanding microglial activation followed by
sustained release of inflammatory mediators, which aid in enhanced nitrosative and …

Clinical studies have shown that HER-2/Neu is over-expressed in up to one-third of patients
with a variety of cancers, including B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), breast …

Zinc is an essential trace element with cofactor functions in a large number of proteins of
intermediary metabolism, hormone secretion pathways, immune defence mechanisms, and …

The liver is continuously exposed to a large antigenic load that includes pathogens, toxins,
tumor cells and dietary antigens. Amongst the hepatitis viruses, only hepatitis B virus (HBV) …

Classical chemotherapy, that specifically targets rapidly proliferating cells, has been in
existence for over eighty years and has proven to be fully successful in only a limited …

The rapid development of new diagnostic procedures, the mapping of the human genome,
progress in mapping genetic polymorphisms, and recent advances in nucleic acid-and …

Acquisition of a complex immune system during evolution provided organisms with the most
effective defense mechanism against “foreign&rdquo or “non-self&rdquo invaders. This …

Gene amplification, over-expression, and mutation of growth factors, or the receptors
themselves, causes increased signaling through receptor kinases, which has been …

Haliclona tubifera, marine sponge species abundant in Brazilian coastline, presents only a
few papers published in the literature. Recently, we have reported the isolation of two …