Implant history extends more than 4000 years in antiquity, with biocompatible alloy implants
extending over only 70 years. Over the past several decades, total hip and knee …

In hematological malignancies, there are dynamic interactions between leukemic cells and
cells of the bone marrow microenvironment. Specific niches within the bone marrow …

In the field of bone defect repair, 3D printed scaffolds have the characteristics of
personalized customization and accurate internal structure. However, how to construct a …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) 1 and 2 are dimeric α/β transcription factors that regulate
cellular responses to low oxygen. HIF-1 is induced first, whereas HIF-2 is associated with …

Bortezomib represents the first proteasome inhibitor (PI) with demonstrated antitumor activity
in the clinical setting, particularly for treatment of hematological malignancies. At the …

Abstract Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are
the predominant gelatinases in the developing lung. Studies have shown that the …

The formation of a calcified cartilaginous callus (CACC) is crucial during bone repair. CACC
can stimulate the invasion of type H vessels into the callus to couple angiogenesis and …

Hypoxia is a dynamic feature of the tumor microenvironment that contributes to drug
resistance and cancer progression. We previously showed that components of the unfolded …

Development of accurate disease models and discovery of immune-modulating drugs is
challenged by the immune system's highly interconnected and context-dependent nature …

Tumor angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels into tumors, facilitates tumor growth
and thus represents an attractive therapeutic target. Numerous experimental angiogenesis …