The discovery of Hydra regeneration by Abraham Trembley in 1744 promoted much
scientific curiosity thanks to his clever design of experimental strategies away from the …

In this review, the evolution of vision is retraced from its putative origins in cyanobacteria to
humans. Circadian oscillatory clocks, phototropism, and phototaxis require the capability to …

To understand the emergent properties of neural circuits, it would be ideal to record the
activity of every neuron in a behaving animal and decode how it relates to behavior. We …

Eye evolution is driven by the evolution of visually guided behavior. Accumulation of
gradually more demanding behaviors have continuously increased the performance …

Cephalopods are renowned for changing the color and pattern of their skin for both
camouflage and communication. Yet, we do not fully understand how cephalopods control …

The alveolate superphylum includes many free-living and parasitic organisms, which are
united by the presence of alveolar sacs lying proximal to the plasma membrane, providing …

In this review the history of discovery of siphonophores, from the first formal description by
Carl Linnaeus in 1785 to the present, is summarized, and species richness together with a …

The origin of nervous systems has traditionally been discussed within two conceptual
frameworks. Input–output models stress the sensory-motor aspects of nervous systems …

The first member and eponym of the rhodopsin family was identified in the 1930s as the
visual pigment of the rod photoreceptor cell in the animal retina. It was found to be a …

Across the animal kingdom, environmental light cues are widely involved in regulating
gamete release, but the molecular and cellular bases of the photoresponsive mechanisms …