Out-of-home foods (takeaway, take-out and fast foods) have become increasingly popular in
recent decades and are thought to be a key driver in increasing levels of overweight and …

The field of behavioral economics has made important inroads into the understanding of
substance use disorders through the concept of reinforcer pathology. Reinforcer pathology …

Rationale Delayed reward discounting (DRD) is a behavioral economic index of impulsivity
and numerous studies have examined DRD in relation to addictive behavior. To synthesize …

Context Research has implicated an addictive process in the development and maintenance
of obesity. Although parallels in neural functioning between obesity and substance …

BackgroundAn increasing number of studies have investigated delay discounting (DD) in
relation to obesity, but with mixed findings. This meta-analysis synthesized the literature on …

Humans and animals prefer immediate over delayed rewards (delay discounting). This
preference for smaller-but-sooner over larger-but-later rewards shows substantial …

Important decisions are often made under stressful circumstances that might compromise
self-regulatory behavior. Yet the neural mechanisms by which stress influences self-control …

Disruption of function of left, but not right, lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) with low-frequency
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) increased choices of immediate rewards …

Humans can vividly imagine possible future events. This faculty, episodic prospection,
allows the simulation of distant outcomes and desires. Here, we provide evidence for the …

Addiction science would benefit from the identification of a behavioral marker. A behavioral
marker could reflect the projected clinical course of the disorder, function as a surrogate …