ABSTRACT While Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms have achieved performance levels
comparable to human experts on various predictive tasks, human experts can still access …

While hypothesis testing is a highly formalized activity, hypothesis generation remains
largely informal. We propose a systematic procedure to generate novel hypotheses about …

Decision makers, such as doctors, judges, and managers, make consequential choices
based on predictions of unknown outcomes. Do these decision makers make systematic …

Powered by the increasing predictive capabilities of machine learning algorithms, artificial
intelligence (AI) systems have acquired the ability to improve outcomes by overruling human …

This paper studies the impact of artificial intelligence on innovation, exploiting the
randomized introduction of a new materials discovery technology to 1,018 scientists in the …

We develop empirical tools for studying discrimination in multiphase systems and apply
them to the setting of foster care placement by child protective services. Leveraging the …

Ten percent of Black children in the US spend time in foster care—twice the rate of white
children. We estimate unwarranted disparities in foster care placement decisions, adjusting …

We calculate the social return on algorithmic interventions (specifically, their marginal value
of public funds (MVPF)) across multiple domains of interest to economists—regulation …

Algorithms are intended to improve human decisions with data-driven predictions. However,
algorithms provide more than just predictions to decision-makers—they often provide explicit …

Risk assessment instruments (RAIs) are widely used to aid high-stakes decision-making in
criminal justice settings and other areas such as health care and child welfare. These tools …