Serpentinisation of mantle peridotites below the seafloor is the most important hydration
reaction in the Earth's deep water cycle. This critical step in water–rock interaction occurs …

Sphalerite is the main Zn ore mineral and is the primary source of Cd, Ge and In, and a
minor source of Ga. Owing to a shift from fossil fuel to renewable energy sources, these four …

Cabled deep-sea observatories can deliver continuous power and communications linkages
to seafloor instruments and sampling devices. Building on this capability, a nine-month time …

Seafloor hydrothermal vents represent potential sources of Mo and other biologically
relevant transition metals to the global ocean, complementing continental runoff. Here, we …

Porphyry-type ore deposits are closely associated with subduction zones, but the ultimate
source of the metals in these deposits is still uncertain. To test whether aqueous fluids from …

Metal complexation and speciation is the primary process responsible for metal transport
and circulation in hydrothermal systems, during which stable and soluble metal complexes …

The important role that aqueous fluids played during the evolution of carbonaceous
chondrites (CCs) and the carbonaceous asteroids that they derive from is well documented …

The interactions between minerals and fluids control many important geochemical
processes in the lithosphere and hydrosphere, including the formation of mineral deposits …