A predictive understanding of the ecological impacts of nonnative species has been slow to
develop, owing largely to an apparent dearth of clearly defined hypotheses and the lack of a …

Invasions by alien plants provide a unique opportunity to examine competitive interactions
among plants. While resource competition has long been regarded as a major mechanism …

Aim Invasion ecology includes many hypotheses. Empirical evidence suggests that most of
these can explain the success of some invaders to some degree in some circumstances. If …

Biological invasions are caused by human-mediated extra-range dispersal and, unlike
natural extra-range dispersal, are often the result of multiple introductions from multiple …

Exotic plant invasions present a global threat to natural ecosystems, yet the efficacy of
management efforts in mitigating invader impacts remains unclear. A rapidly emerging …

Introduced exotic earthworms now occur in every biogeographic region in all but the driest
or coldest habitat types on Earth. The global distribution of a few species (eg, Pontoscolex …

We provide a brief overview of progress in our understanding of introduced plant species. 2.
Three main conclusions emerge from our review:(i) Many lines of research, including the …

Economic impacts of invasive species worldwide are substantial. Management strategies
have been incorporated in population models to assess the effectiveness of management for …

Invasive alien plants of natural ecosystems, commonly referred to as weeds, can reduce the
abundance and diversity of native flora and fauna, and alter ecosystem processes. Using …

We review key issues, available approaches and analyses to encourage and assist
practitioners to develop sound plans to evaluate the effectiveness of weed biological control …