The development of an adaptive immune system based on the random generation of
antigen receptors requires a stringent selection process that sifts through receptor …

In B lymphopoiesis, Ag receptor expression and signaling are critical to determine
developmental progression, survival, and activation. Several positive and negative selection …

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of related receptors and ligands contains a rich
collection of molecules that are important players in a broad spectrum of biological systems …

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune immune disease affecting approximately 1%
of the population. There has been a renewed interest in the role of B cells in rheumatoid …

Ig heavy chain (IgH) isotypes (eg, IgM, IgG, and IgE) are generated as secreted/soluble
antibodies (sIg) or as membrane-bound (mIg) B cell receptors (BCRs) through alternative …

The B cell antigen receptor (BCR) is expressed on the surface of B-lymphocytes where it
binds antigen and transmits signals that regulate B cell activation, growth and differentiation …

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder that
can present with multiple phenotypes, all of which are characterized by …

B cell development is a process tightly regulated by the orchestrated signaling of cytokine
receptors, the pre-B cell receptor (BCR) and the B cell receptor (BCR). It commences with …

The B cell antigen receptor (BCR) is expressed on the surface of B lymphocytes where it can
bind antigen then transmit signals which regulate activation, growth, and differentiation …

Purpose Binding of the B cell activating factor (BAFF) to its receptor (BAFFR) activates in
mature B cells many essential pro-survival functions. Null mutations in the BAFFR gene …