A majority of mammalian genes exhibit daily fluctuations in expression levels, making
circadian expression rhythms the largest known regulatory network in normal physiology …

Mammals synchronize their circadian activity primarily to the cycles of light and darkness in
the environment. This is achieved by ocular photoreception relaying signals to the …

The circadian system of mammals is composed of a hierarchy of oscillators that function at
the cellular, tissue, and systems levels. A common molecular mechanism underlies the cell …

Mammalian circadian rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological oscillators, including
a master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Since the period …

Circadian rhythms are∼ 24-h oscillations in behavior and physiology, which are internally
generated and function to anticipate the environmental changes associated with the solar …

Circadian rhythm disturbances are a common symptom among individuals with mood
disorders. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), in the ventral part of the anterior …

Circadian clocks are endogenous oscillators driving daily rhythms in physiology and
behavior. Synchronization of these timers to environmental light–dark cycles ('entrainment') …

The mammalian circadian clockwork is composed of a core PER/CRY feedback loop and
additional interlocking loops. In particular, the ROR/REV/Bmal1 loop, consisting of ROR …

In mammalian tissues, circadian gene expression can be driven by local oscillators or
systemic signals controlled by the master pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. We …

The classical view of the molecular clock is based on interlocked transcriptional-translational
feedback loops. Because a substantial fraction of the mammalian genome is expressed in a …