(21) Appl. No.: 11/593,652(57) ABSTRACT A novel method and apparatus is disclosed, that
embeds with,(22) Filed: Nov. 7, 2006 or otherwise makes available to an adaptive equalizer …

BACKGROUND Communication systems are designed to transfer informa tion between two
devices over a medium in the presence of disturbing influences. Intersymbol interference …

BACKGROUND High speed communication systems capable of higher throughput data
rates are emerging. For example, Gigabit Ethernet networks may communicate information …

The present invention is directed to data communication system and methods. More
specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus that receives data …

Various examples are provided for encoding for 100G-KR networking. In one example,
among others, a coding method uses certain forward error correcting codes based on a …

BACKGROUND Turning to FIG. 1, an example of a conventional system 100 can be seen. In
this system 100, hosts 102-1 to 102-N (which can, for example, be a computer, router, or …

(57) ABSTRACT In conventional Backplane Ethernet systems, data is trans mitted over two
pairs of copper traces in one direction using a PAM-2 scheme and a baud rate of 10.3125 …

In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a system for auto-negotiation
over extended backplane includes an enclosure and a switch external to the enclosure. The …

An apparatus is provided. Physical medium dependent (PMD) sublayer logic is configured to
communicate with a communications medium. Physical medium attachment (PMA) sublayer …

A plurality of bits are received, and the plurality of bits are grouped and transcoded into a
plurality of bit blocks, where the plurality of bit blocks includes a first set of bit blocks and a …