Approximately 2.5× 106 square kilometers of the Amazon forest are currently degraded by
fire, edge effects, timber extraction, and/or extreme drought, representing 38% of all …

Recent wildfire outbreaks around the world have prompted concern that climate change is
increasing fire incidence, threatening human livelihood and biodiversity, and perpetuating …

Forests influence climate and mitigate global change through the storage of carbon in soils.
In turn, these complex ecosystems face important challenges, including increases in carbon …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

The uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) by terrestrial ecosystems is critical for moderating
climate change. To provide a ground-based long-term assessment of the contribution of …

The critical temperature beyond which photosynthetic machinery in tropical trees begins to
fail averages approximately 46.7° C (T crit). However, it remains unclear whether leaf …

Evidence exists that tree mortality is accelerating in some regions of the tropics,, with
profound consequences for the future of the tropical carbon sink and the global …

Live woody vegetation is the largest reservoir of biomass carbon, with its restoration
considered one of the most effective natural climate solutions. However, terrestrial carbon …

Executive summary Land and climate interact in complex ways through changes in forcing
and multiple biophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks across different spatial and …

Increasing floods and droughts are raising concerns of an accelerating water cycle,
however, the relative contributions to streamflow changes from climate and land …