Production of metals stands for 40% of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions, 10% of the
global energy consumption, 3.2 billion tonnes of minerals mined, and several billion tonnes …

Electrification is a potential approach to decarbonizing the chemical industry.
Electrochemical processes, when they are powered by renewable electricity, have lower …

In this paper we present the first systematic review of Power to X processes applied to the
iron and steel industry. These processes convert renewable electricity into valuable …

Steel demand is going to grow in the next future. With the present production routes,
greenhouse gas emissions are destined to double by 2050 with a very remarkable effect on …

Molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) is an electrometallurgical technique that enables the direct
production of metal in the liquid state from oxide feedstock,, and compared with traditional …

Resources intrinsic to the lunar environment, the abundant and oxide rich surface regolith
and local water ice reserves, can be processed in order to liberate O 2 and H 2 gases for …

The electrolytic decomposition of metal oxides to metal and oxygen is an extractive
metallurgy principle that, when coupled with carbon-free electricity, drastically mitigates the …

Energy carriers are required to store and transport clean, renewable energy. Currently, most
scientific efforts are invested in batteries and hydrogen despite several drawbacks, such as …

The effects of basicity and MgO content on the viscosity of SiO 2-CaO-MgO-9wt% Al 2 O 3
slags with basicity from 0.4 to 1.0 and MgO content from 13wt% to 19wt% were investigated …

The lunar surface is extremely harsh and current mineral processing and metal extraction
technologies are not adequately equipped to address this environment. In this paper, we …