Background Intranasal administration has been adopted in traditional medicine to facilitate
access to the bloodstream and central nervous system (CNS). In modern medicine, nasal …

Histamine is a biogenic amine playing a central role in allergy and peripheral inflammatory
reactions and acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the brain. In the adult …

Histamine receptors mediate important physiological processes and take part in the
pathophysiology of different brain disorders. Histamine receptor 1 (HRH1) is involved in the …

Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is associated with immunological dysfunction. The DA
system is closely related to TS development, or behavioral stereotypes. Previous evidence …

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of pseudorabies (PR). It can infect a wide
range of mammals. PRV infection can cause severe acute neuropathy (the so-called “mad …

Abstract Bis (benzimidazol‐2‐yl) amine scaffold is not present in dipeptidyl peptidase‐4
(DPP‐4) inhibitors published so far. Herein, the inhibitory potential of bis (benzimidazol‐2 …

Diabetic rat embryos have increased cortical neurogenesis and neuron maturation, and their
offspring presented altered neuron polarity, lamination, and diminished neuron excitability …

Intracellular calcium plays a pivotal role in central nervous system (CNS) development by
regulating various processes such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and …

The transient histaminergic system is among the first neurotransmitter systems to appear
during brain development in the rat mesencephalon/rhombencephalon. Histamine …

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of pseudorabies (PR). It can infect a wide
range of mammals. PRV infection can cause severe acute neuropathy (the so-called “mad …